In this project, we are working on microfluidics and 3D printing technologies for distributed and agile manufacturing technologies for nucleic acids (i.e, mRNA and DNA)-based nanomaterials and cell-based hydrogels. We are investigation transport of fluidcs and particulates during the manufacturing processes to create biomaterials with advanced functionalities. This is also to address the significant worldwide disparity of mRNA vaccines for COVID-19 caused by issues in supply chain logistics and the centralized and specialized infrastructure needed for manufacture and distribution.